Summary

Introduction

Imagine walking into your office on Monday morning when your colleague mentions having a rough weekend. You have a choice: nod politely and move on, or pause, make eye contact, and ask what happened. That split-second decision between turning toward or away from their emotional bid could determine whether your working relationship deepens into genuine trust or remains superficially polite.

Every day, we encounter countless invisible invitations for connection. A spouse's tired sigh, a child's excited story about school, a friend's casual mention of feeling overwhelmed. These moments may seem insignificant, but research reveals they're actually the building blocks of every meaningful relationship in our lives. Couples who consistently respond to these emotional bids create lasting bonds, while those who miss or dismiss them often drift apart. The same principle applies to friendships, family relationships, and professional connections. Understanding this hidden language of connection transforms not just individual relationships, but how we experience life itself.

Turn Toward Each Other: The Power of Emotional Bidding

An emotional bid is fundamentally any attempt to connect with another person. These bids appear in countless forms, from obvious requests for support to subtle gestures like pointing out a beautiful sunset or sharing a worry about work. Though they seem trivial, these moments are actually the foundation of emotional intimacy and relationship strength.

Consider Anna and Frank, a couple struggling with communication after having twin babies. Anna would come home exhausted, desperately needing Frank's help and emotional support. When she called out to him while he worked on his computer art, Frank would think he could hold her off for a few minutes until she solved whatever problem she was having. The breaking point came when Anna discovered a mayonnaise-covered knife Frank had left on the counter after making himself a snack. She exploded with rage that seemed completely disproportionate to such a minor mess, but that knife had become charged with all the loneliness and disconnection she felt from Frank's repeated turning away from her bids for connection.

To master emotional bidding, start by recognizing these moments as they happen throughout your day. When someone makes a bid, you have three choices: turn toward it with interest and engagement, turn away by ignoring or missing it entirely, or turn against it with hostility or irritation. Practice making conscious choices to turn toward others' attempts to connect. This might mean putting down your phone when someone speaks to you, making eye contact, and responding with genuine curiosity rather than distracted acknowledgment.

Research shows that couples who consistently turn toward each other's bids engage as many as one hundred times in a ten-minute conversation, compared to just sixty-five times for couples headed toward divorce. These small acts of attention create emotional money in the bank, building reservoirs of goodwill that relationships can draw upon during difficult times.

Understand Your Emotional Command Systems

Within your brain lie seven distinct emotional command systems that influence how you experience and express feelings. Think of these systems as different radio stations, each broadcasting a particular type of emotional experience. Some people naturally tune into the Explorer frequency, constantly seeking new experiences and adventures. Others prefer the Nest-Builder station, finding fulfillment in caring for others and creating warm, connected relationships. Still others resonate with the Commander-in-Chief system, feeling energized when they're in positions of leadership and control.

Understanding these systems helps explain why people sometimes seem to speak different emotional languages. Consider Merrill and Carlos planning a wilderness trip together. Merrill's Explorer system is highly activated as she excitedly discusses hiking unmarked trails and discovering hidden waterfalls. Carlos, operating primarily from his Sentry system, focuses on safety concerns and potential dangers. When Merrill suggests a challenging hike without proper preparation, Carlos sees recklessness where Merrill sees adventure. Neither perspective is wrong; they're simply operating from different emotional command systems.

To work effectively with these systems, begin by identifying which ones are most active in yourself and those close to you. Notice patterns in your preferences and reactions to different situations. When conflicts arise, ask yourself which emotional systems might be driving each person's position, then look for creative solutions that honor everyone's core emotional needs. If you have a highly active Nest-Builder system, you might bid for connection by offering to help others or creating cozy, intimate environments. If your Jester system dominates, you might use humor and playfulness to connect with others.

Remember that these systems aren't fixed personality traits but rather preferences for certain types of emotional experiences. Understanding these patterns allows you to craft bids for connection that are more likely to be received positively and to respond to others' bids with greater empathy and understanding.

Heal Your Past to Connect in the Present

Your emotional heritage, the collection of experiences and lessons from your past, profoundly shapes how you connect with others today. The way your family handled emotions, the messages you received about expressing feelings, and any painful experiences you endured all influence your current relationships in both obvious and subtle ways.

Every person carries enduring vulnerabilities, past experiences that continue to influence how they react in current relationships. One person might have an enduring vulnerability around abandonment due to a parent's death in childhood, making them particularly sensitive to any sign that others might leave them. Another might struggle with issues of control due to past experiences of powerlessness. When we understand these vulnerabilities in ourselves and others, we can respond with greater compassion and avoid inadvertently triggering painful reactions.

Your family's approach to emotions likely fell into one of four categories: coaching, dismissing, disapproving, or laissez-faire. Emotion-coaching families acknowledge all feelings and help each other cope with difficult emotions. Dismissing families tend to minimize or ignore negative feelings, while disapproving families criticize or punish emotional expression. Laissez-faire families accept emotions but offer little guidance on managing them effectively.

To heal your emotional heritage, begin by examining your family's emotional philosophy and identifying patterns that may be affecting your current relationships. The goal isn't to erase your emotional history but to understand how it shapes your present interactions. When you can recognize old patterns and say, "I'm having that familiar feeling again, but this situation is different," you free yourself to respond authentically to the person in front of you rather than to ghosts from your past.

Master the Art of Emotional Communication

Words carry only a fraction of our emotional messages. The majority of what we communicate comes through facial expressions, tone of voice, gestures, and body language. Research shows that when verbal and nonverbal messages conflict, people trust the nonverbal signals. Mastering emotional communication means becoming fluent in this rich, unspoken language that reveals what people truly feel beneath their words.

Consider David, a manager who prided himself on his open-door policy but wondered why employees seemed reluctant to approach him with problems. When he examined his nonverbal communication, he discovered that while his door was open, his body language was closed. He rarely looked up from his computer when people entered, kept his arms crossed, and spoke in a flat, distracted tone. Once he began making eye contact, uncrossing his arms, and using a warmer vocal tone, his relationships with staff members transformed dramatically.

To improve your emotional communication skills, start by becoming more aware of facial expressions and learning to recognize the seven universal emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, disgust, and contempt. Pay attention to subtle changes in people's expressions that might reveal feelings they're not expressing verbally. Notice how posture and gestures convey emotional states, and become conscious of your own nonverbal signals and the messages they send to others.

Develop your listening skills by giving others your full attention, maintaining appropriate eye contact, and responding with brief acknowledgments that show you're engaged. Ask open-ended questions that invite people to share more about their experiences, and resist the urge to immediately offer solutions or advice. When you become skilled at reading and sending emotional signals, you create deeper, more authentic connections where people feel truly seen and understood.

Create Shared Meaning and Lasting Rituals

The strongest relationships are built on shared meaning, the common ground of values, dreams, and purposes that give life significance. When people discover what matters most to each other and find ways to honor those dreams together, they create bonds that transcend temporary conflicts and challenges.

Consider the story of a husband who developed an elaborate ritual with his wife around eating artichokes. During dinner one evening, he playfully bit off the edible part of an artichoke leaf and slammed the remnant down on the table, declaring he was drinking shots. Instead of rolling her eyes or ignoring this silly behavior, his wife picked up her own leaf and mimicked his actions. This sparked a delightful game where they both continued eating the entire artichoke while chanting playfully together. What made this moment special wasn't the artichoke itself but the wife's willingness to turn toward her husband's playful bid and join him in creating something fun together.

Shared meaning often emerges from understanding the dreams and ideals hidden within everyday conflicts. When couples argue about money, they're often expressing different visions of security or freedom. When coworkers clash over project approaches, they may be advocating for different definitions of quality or efficiency. By exploring the deeper meanings behind positions, people can find creative solutions that honor everyone's core values and create stronger connections.

Creating meaningful rituals strengthens these bonds by providing regular opportunities for connection. Rituals can be as simple as a daily coffee together or as elaborate as annual celebrations. The key is that they're repeated, predictable, and symbolically meaningful. A couple's weekly date night communicates that their relationship is a priority, while a team's monthly celebration of achievements says they value each other's contributions and shared success.

Summary

The principles revealed in this exploration of human connection demonstrate a fundamental truth: we are wired for meaningful relationships, and our happiness depends largely on the quality of our bonds with others. Every interaction offers an opportunity to strengthen or weaken the connections that sustain us through life's joys and challenges. As research clearly shows, the simple act of turning toward each other's bids for connection creates the emotional foundation that relationships need to survive and thrive.

When we consistently choose to engage with others' attempts to connect, we build reservoirs of goodwill, trust, and intimacy that enrich every aspect of our lives. These small moments of connection compound over time, creating relationships that provide meaning, support, and joy. Starting today, commit to becoming a collector of emotional moments. Notice when others reach out to you through words, gestures, or expressions, and make the conscious choice to turn toward them with curiosity and care. Remember that building better connections isn't about perfection but about intention and consistent effort to truly see, hear, and respond to the people who matter most in your life.

About Author

John M. Gottman

John M.

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